Learning English Together: The 13 Tense Structures

The 13 Tense Structures

Present	Simple	Present simple form	I go to the cinema every week
Past		Past simple form	I went to the cinema last week
Future		Will + bare infinitive	I will go to the cinema with you
Present	Continuous	Am/are/is + present participle	I'm watching a film
Past		Was/were + present participle	I was watching a film earlier
Future		Will be + present participle	I will be watching a film at 8pm tonight
Present	Perfect	Have/has + past participle	I have seen Harry Potter 3 times
Past		Had + past participle	By the time I arrived at the cinema, the film had finished
Future		Will have + past participle	I will have finished watching season 2 of Game of Thrones by 9pm
Present	Perfect Continuous	Have/has + been + present participle	I have been sitting outside for 2 hours now
Past		Had + been + present participle	I had been waiting in the queue for 20 minutes, before we were told to go home.
Future		Will have + been + present continuous	When I graduate, I will have been studying philosophy for 3 years
Future with "going to"		Am/are/is + going + infinitive	I am going to visit my parents next weekend

As you may have observed, all continuous tenses use a form of the verb ‘be’ and a present participle, whereas all perfect tenses use a form of the verb ‘have’ and a past participle.

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